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Özet:

A computer is any device that computes, calculates, or reckons. The definition of a computer has become more limited in contemporary usage. A computer is now defined as an electronic device that processes data, is capable of receiving input and output, and possesses such characteristics as high speed, accuracy, and the ability to store a set of instructions for solving a problem.

Computers are electronic devices composed of switches, wires, motors, transistors, and integrated circuits, assembled on frames. The frames form components such as microprocessor, harddisk, floppy disks, and main board. These components are wired together into a network called a computer system or computer.

Computers can perform a variety of mathematical calculations, ranging from simply adding and subtracting to solving complicated math equations that involve thousands of steps. They can repeat a complicated calculation millions of times without error.

Computers can print out whole paragraphs of text matter, write letters, draw pictures, or plot curves and draw graphs. They can sort data, merge lists, search files, and make logical decisions and comparisons.

A computer may range in size from rather small desk-top devices with limited capability to huge machines occupying several large rooms. It may be constructed as a single, integral device, or as a group of machines, remotely connected but functioning as a unit. The individual parts may be located within the same building or scattered across the country, connected by telephone lines.

Computers can be characterized by their function. Special-purpose computers are built to solve one kind of problem, such as processing airline reservations or controlling a metalworking machine. General-purpose computers can be used for many business, scientific, educational, social, and other applications. These machines are not limited to one type of problem, but lend themselves to the solution of many.